Lit review draft page 3

Literature reviews require students to collect, synthesise and interpret large amounts of information. This means that keeping organised from the start is very important. On this page, you will find practical tips for arranging the content for your review.

A common problem that students run into when writing a literature review is that they collect a lot of information without organising it logically. Using a system that allows you to do the following will save you a lot of time and frustration later:

find what you are looking for quickly
sort information into topics
compare and contrast views, theories and studies

Also keep in mind that you will need to record the referencing details of the sources you find immediately; there is nothing worse than finding great information and not remembering where it came from.

Searchable tables

One way to get organised is to create a table in a program such as Word or Excel. This way, you can use control + f or command + f to search the table and locate the information you need quickly and easily.
To illustrate, the following headings could be used:

Author(s): It's essential to record the author or authors' names so that you do not lose track of who the information comes from. Make sure that their names are correctly spelled.
Topic: As you decide on the topics you want to cover in your review, create two-to-three word tags for them that can be placed in this column. Then, when you come to write about a particular topic, you can find all of the information from different authors on that topic quickly.
Key points: In this column, write the information from the source text that you would like to include in your review. It's a good idea to record the page number of each piece of information so that you can locate it easily in the future, should you need to.
Agreement/disagreement: For literature reviews, you need to find areas of agreement and disagreement. Using a searchable table can help you to compare the views of authors side-by-side.
Reference: Referencing often makes up part of your grade, so it is important to record this information as you go.

Author(s)	Topic	Key points	Agreement / disagreement	Reference
Singh	Corporate Social Responsibility	CSR can improve employee satisfaction and retention (p. 56). Leadership plays crucial role, but CSR outcomes also depend on culture (p. 59).	Partially agrees with Al Mansouri	Singh, R. (2021). Integrating CSR into corporate culture. Journal of Corporate Responsibility, 7(3), 50-65.https://doi.org/10.6789/jcr.2021.7301
Patel & Nguyen	Digital Marketing Trends	AI significantly enhances targeting accuracy in digital marketing (p. 12).	Agrees with Chen & Smith	Patel, R., & Nguyen, T. (2022). Digital marketing trends in the 21st century. Journal of Business Innovations, 14(2), 10-25. https://doi.org/10.1234/jbi.2022.5678
Chen & Smith	Digital Marketing Trends	Social media platforms are crucial for increasing consumer engagement (p. 78). Influencer marketing is effective for brand visibility (p. 82).	Agrees with Patel & Nguyen	Chen, Y., & Smith, A. (2021). Social media and influencer marketing. Online Business Review, 11(4), 70-85. https://doi.org/10.2345/obr.2021.1145
O'Connor	Sustainable Business	Influencer marketing is effective for brand visibility (p. 82).	Disagrees with Fernandez	O'Connor, L. (2023). Sustainable business practices in small and medium enterprises. International Journal of Business Sustainability, 9(1), 40-60. https://doi.org/10.5678/ijbs.2023.9012
Al Mansouri	Corporate Social Responsibility	CSR initiatives enhance brand reputation and customer loyalty (p. 102). Effective CSR strategies require strong leadership commitment (p. 105).	Partially agrees with Singh	Al-Mansouri, H. (2020). Leadership styles and company culture. In J. R. Thompson (Ed.), Leadership in modern business (pp. 95-110). Business Press.
Fernandez	Sustainable Business	Large corporations face significant challenges in implementing sustainability (p. 33).	Disagrees with O'Connor	Fernandez, M. (2023). Sustainability in business: Challenges and opportunities. eBusiness Books.

Visual diagrams

If you are someone who prefers to see how information and ideas connect visually, then creating a mind map or a flow chart can be a great way to organise the information you have collected. To do this, you can arrange topics around your central theme and use arrows to show the areas of agreement and disagreement between the authors.
Visit the Mind mapping page to learn more.